Akwai nau'ikan zanen filastik da yawa tare da fa'idar amfani. A halin yanzu, manyan nau'ikan sune polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene da polyester (PET). Takardar PET tana da kyakkyawan aiki kuma ta cika buƙatun fihirisar tsaftar ƙasa don samfuran gyare-gyare da buƙatun kare muhalli na ƙasa da ƙasa. Suna cikin teburin kare muhalli. A halin yanzu, marufi yana buƙatar biyan kariyar muhalli da buƙatun sake yin amfani da su, don haka buƙatun takaddun PET yana ƙaruwa kuma. Wannan labarin yafi tattauna tsarin samarwa da matsalolin gama gari na takaddun PET.
Fasaha samar da takardar PET:
(1) takardar PET
Kamar sauran robobi, kaddarorin takardar PET suna da alaƙa da nauyin kwayoyin halitta. Nauyin kwayoyin halitta yana ƙayyade ta wurin danko na ciki. Mafi girman danko na ciki, mafi kyawun kayan jiki da sinadarai, amma rashin ruwa mara kyau da wahalar samu. Ƙananan danko na ciki, mafi muni da kaddarorin jiki da sinadarai da ƙarfin tasiri. Don haka, ainihin danko na takardar PET yakamata ya zama 0.8dl/g-0.9dl/g.
(2) Samar da tsari kwarara
Babbankayan aikin samarwa don zanen PETya haɗa da hasumiya na crystallization, bushewa hasumiya, extruders, mutu kawunansu, uku-roll calenders da coilers. A samar tsari ne: albarkatun kasa crystallization-bushewa-extrusion plasticization-extrusion gyare-gyare-calendering da siffata-winding kayayyakin.
1. Crystallization. Yanke PET suna mai zafi kuma ana yin crystallized a cikin hasumiya don daidaita kwayoyin halitta, sannan kuma ƙara yawan zafin jiki na gilashin yanka don hana mannewa da toshe hopper yayin aikin bushewa. Crystallization sau da yawa wani muhimmin mataki ne. Crystallization yana ɗaukar mintuna 30-90 kuma zafin jiki yana ƙasa da 149 ° C.
2.Bushe. A yanayin zafi mai zafi, ruwa zai rushe kuma ya lalata PET, wanda zai haifar da raguwa a cikin mannewar halayensa, da kuma kayan jikinsa, musamman ƙarfin tasiri, zai ragu yayin da nauyin kwayoyin ya ragu. Saboda haka, kafin narkewa da extruding, PET ya kamata a bushe don rage yawan danshi, wanda ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da 0.005%. Ana amfani da na'urar bushewa don bushewa. Saboda girman girman kayan PET, lokacin da ruwa ya shiga zurfi cikin saman yanki, za a samar da haɗin gwiwar ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma wani ɓangaren ruwa zai shiga zurfin cikin yanki, yin bushewa da wahala. Saboda haka, ba za a iya amfani da iska mai zafi na yau da kullun ba. Ana buƙatar raɓar iska mai zafi ya zama ƙasa da -40C, kuma iska mai zafi yana shiga cikin busarwar hopper ta hanyar da'irar da aka rufe don ci gaba da bushewa.
3. Matsi. Bayan crystallization da bushewa, PET yana canzawa zuwa polymer tare da madaidaicin narkewa. Zazzaɓin gyare-gyaren polymer yana da girma kuma yanayin sarrafa zafin jiki yana kunkuntar. Ana amfani da dunƙule shinge na musamman na polyester don raba abubuwan da ba su narke daga narke ba, wanda ke taimakawa wajen dorewar tsari mai tsayi kuma yana ƙara fitar da fitarwar. Ɗauki leɓe mai sassauƙan mutuwa tare da ingantaccen sandar magudanar ruwa. An ɗora kan mold. Matsakaicin masu gudu da leɓuna waɗanda ba su da karce suna nuna cewa ƙarewar ya kamata ya yi kyau. Na'urar dumama tana da magudanar ruwa da ayyukan tsaftacewa.
4.Cooling da siffatawa. Bayan narkewar ya fito daga kai, kai tsaye yana shiga calender mai jujjuyawa uku don calending da sanyaya. Tazarar da ke tsakanin calender-roller uku da kan na'ura ana kiyaye shi da kusan 8cm, saboda idan tazarar ta yi girma sosai, allon zai yi sauƙi da murƙushewa, wanda zai haifar da ƙarancin ƙarewa. Bugu da ƙari, saboda nisa mai nisa, zafi mai zafi da sanyaya suna jinkirin, kuma crystal ya zama fari, wanda ba shi da amfani ga mirgina. Naúrar calendering na nadi uku ya ƙunshi na sama, na tsakiya da na ƙasa. An kafa shinge na nadi na tsakiya. A lokacin sanyaya da calending tsari, da abin nadi surface zafin jiki ne 40 ° C-50c. Shaft na sama da ƙananan rollers na iya motsawa sama da ƙasa.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-28-2023
